Awareness And Knowledge Of The Preventive Role Of Folic Acid Among Mothers Of Patients With Neural Tube Defect

Abstract

Background: Neural Tube Defect (NTD) is a common congenital neurological abnormality of childhood, and the causes are poorly understood. However, the condition has been strongly linked with genetic, environmental and essential nutritional factors. Objective: To study the awareness and knowledge of folic acid preventive role among mothers of children with NTD in Federal Medical Centre, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria. Methodology: Data on sociodemographic factors, awareness and knowledge about the use of Folic Acid (FA) among the mothers of children with NTD were collected and analysed using simple descriptive statistics. Results: Thirty-two (32) mothers of patients with NTD participated in the study over 24 months. The maternal ages ranged between 15 to 54 years, with a mean age of 28 ± 6 years. Twenty-seven (84.4%) were aware of FA and had used it during pregnancy, while 5 (15.6%) were aware but did not use it. The awareness came from the antenatal clinics (100%), where FA is routinely prescribed. However, despite awareness of its health benefits, the majority, 26(96.3%), commenced it after conception. Only one (3.7%) used it before conception. Twenty-six (96.3%) lacked knowledge regarding its preventive role against NTD and the timing of its usage. After counselling sessions, they all (100%) indicated their willingness to take preconception FA and educate their family and friends on FA use and its timing for prevention of NTDs. Conclusion: The mothers are aware of FA but lack the knowledge that it can prevent NTD and the appropriate timing of its use. There is need to raise awareness on the role of FA and the correct time to commence it for prevention of NTD in our environment.