The Combined Action Strategy of Two Stresses, Salinity and Cu++ on Growth, Metabolites and Protein Pattern of Wheat Plant

Abstract

The response of wheat plants to different osmotic stress levels varied among the different organs root, shoot and spike and the situation of these organs with application of two Cu++ levels 5 mM and 25 mM as CuSO4. The sensitivity of root organ was related with reduction in fresh, dry matter and length. This resulted from reduction of soluble sugar reflected a reduction in water uptake and K+ content of the cell sap. In the moderate organ spike, the reduction in fresh, dry matter and length were concomitant with the accumulation of soluble sugar and a huge accumulation of soluble protein. In the higher organ shoot, this related with more water uptake which in turn induced an accumulation of soluble protein and cofactor K+ content. It can be recorded that shoot was higher Na+ accumulation than root and spike. Data also showed further stimulatory effect on growth parameters by Cu++ applications with either concentration (7.5 mM and 25 mM). Irrigating the soil with either 7.5 or 25 mM CuSO4 induced a huge accumulation in soluble sugar, soluble protein and nitrate reductase. Cupper treatment with either concentration 7.5 mM or 25 mM induced a marked decrease in Na+ content at all OSL and has no sig-nificant change in the accumulation of K+ in both shoot and spike whereas induced a huge accumulation in root organ. The synthesis of protein bands with molecular weight 32.3 KDa at −1.5 MPa NaCl level treated with either 5 mM or 25 mM Cu++ concentrations was induced. Also the appearance of pro-tein band with molecular weight 37KDa induced only at Cu++ treatments with 5 mM concentration in both control and under different osmotic levels (0.0, −0.3 MPa, −0.9 MPa, −1.5 MPa NaCl).