Amino acid composition and physicochemical properties of bitter lupine (Lupinus termis) seed flour

Abstract

Physical properties, proximate composition, macro and micro minerals and amino acid profile of bitter lupine seed are investigated. The protein content of Whole Bitter Lupine Seed Flour (WBLSF) and De-hulled Bitter Lupine Seed Flour (DBLSF); 45.0 and 41.5% l, respectively; while fat content 2.9 and 1.2 %, respectively. Bitter lupine seed generally contains about twice the protein in normally consumed legumes. It is a good supplier of minerals. WBLSF contains, potassium, calcium, copper, iron, and zinc with concentration of 534 ± 2.89, 338 ± 3.60.; 1.04 ± 0.05; 5.30 ± 0.10 and 2.30 ± 0.03 (mg/100 g), respectively. WBLSF found rich in lysine, leucine and arginine: 4.5; 6.9 and 8.5 (mg/16 g N),respectively It can fulfill the essential amino acid requirement for human diet except for methionine (S-containing essential amino acid) and tryptophan: 0.34 and 0.99 (mg/16 g N), respectively. Net protein value (NPV) and Chemical Score of lupine seed was 0.153 and 12.186, respectively. The first limiting amino acid was cystine. Glutamic amino acid reported the highest amount (24.60 mg/16g N). Bitter lupine seed flour showed a relatively high concentration of indispensable amino acids, lysine and leucine.