Clay minerals and their role in carbon capture and storage

Abstract

This work addresses the role of clay minerals in carbon capture and storage (CCS), highlighting their importance in the context of climate change and the transition to a low-carbon economy. The need to develop effective solutions for CO2 sequestration in geological formations has been a constant challenge, with clay minerals being key components of these formations. The objective of this study is to analyze the physicochemical properties of clay minerals that make them suitable for underground CO2 storage. The research is based on relevant scientific literature and case studies demonstrating the interaction between clay minerals and CO2 in geological formations. The results indicate that the specific characteristics of clay minerals, such as high ion exchange capacity and low permeability, are essential for ensuring long-term CO2 retention and secure storage. These minerals act as natural geological barriers, providing greater stability for deep carbon storage. Thus, it is concluded that clay minerals play a central role in the feasibility and safety of CCS processes, significantly contributing to efforts to mitigate carbon emissions.