Incontinentia pigmenti / Bloch–Sulzberger syndrome: a case report

Abstract

Incontinentia pigmenti is a rare genodermatosis that almost exclusively affects females. The disease is caused by a mutation of the nuclear factor-κB essential modulator (NEMO) gene in the Xq-28 locus of the X chromosome. The disease can seriously affect various organs, most notably the central nervous system and eyes. Cutaneous manifestation in incontinentia pigmenti is often mild but is an important diagnostic criterion for the disease. Treatment of cutaneous symptoms of incontinentia pigmenti is often not needed because they can spontaneously resolve. However, it should be noted that early diagnosis through parameters such as cutaneous manifestations is important so that prompt diagnosis and intervention for other organs can be made to prevent further fatal complications in the future.