Strategies to Control the Pollution Caused by Textile Industry Effluents Containing Dyes

Abstract

Textile industrial effluent contains recalcitrant dyes which are becoming a serious threat for environment. Bioremediation is becoming an emerging technique to control pollution in effluent treatment. The extensive information has been provided within this review about the pollution being caused in the environment and water bodies by textile industrial effluents primarily consisting of recalcitrant dyes. Therefore, for the remediation of textile industrial effluents, the most efficient technologies/techniques have been discussed. Strategies to control these hazardous pollutants include physical, chemical, biological and electrochemical methods. In textile industry, synthetic dyes are being used and highly concentrated wastewater is discharged as the fabrics absorbs the dyes in a very less quantity. These colored compounds have detrimental effects on the environment including human heath, aquatic life and plants due to the reduced penetration of light, oxygen consumption and toxic heavy metals present in the synthetic dyes.