Fatty acid profile analysis of grape by-products from Slovakia and Austria

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to determine the fatty acid profile of grape pomace, grape stem and grape bunch of three different cultivars of Vitis vinifera sp. (Green Veltliner, Pinot Blanc and Zweigelt) from two countries as a possible sources for animal nutrition. Fatty acid profile analysis was performed using the Agilent 6890 A GC machine. Significant differences (P <0.05) in fatty acid content of analyzed samples were detected between the countries, as well as between the cultivars within countries. Grape pomaces and grape bunches were rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (70.91-71.86%), represented mainly by linoleic acid (69.79-70.32%), and low in saturated fatty acids (12.42-12.96%). Grape stems were characterized by a high saturated fatty acids content (24.46-30.85%), but on the other hand, these samples had the highest α-linolec acid concentration (9.98-14.52%). Oleic acid (12.24-15.17%) was the most abundant from monounsaturated fatty acids (12.69-15.33%) in all the analyzed samples. These results indicate a strong impact of the grape variety and location on the fatty acid profile of grape by-products and their potential to be evaluated as feed additives with high polyunsaturated fatty acids concentration in animal nutrition.