Prevalence of Tuberculosis and Rifampicin Resistance Among Patients Seeking Medical Care in Nasarawa State, North Central Nigeria

Abstract

See, stats, and : https : / / www . researchgate . net / publication / 303571404 Prevalence Resistance Care, North Article DOI : 10 . 11648 / j . sjph . 20160403 . 18 CITATION 1 READS 179 3 : Some : It vaccination , Nigeria . View Egbe 1 SEE Anthony University 112 SEE Aleruchi Federal 17 SEE All . The . Abstract : Tuberculosis (TB) , caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains a clinical and public health challenge in Nigeria . This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of M . tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in patients from five selected health facilities in Nasarawa State , Nigeria . The HIV serostatus and the CD4+ count of seropositive individuals were also determined . Using a combination of Zhiel Neelsen staining and WHO approved GeneXpert MTB / Rif device for M . tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance , the presence of M . tuberculosis in sputum samples was detected and confirmed . A total of 346 samples were analysed , out of which M . tuberculosis was detected in 91 (26 . 3%) samples and rifampicin resistance in 6 (6 . 6%) of the positive samples . HIV prevalence was found to be 46 . 8% , HIV and TB co - infection 39 . 6% , while 83 . 3% of the rifampicin resistance was from HIV positive cases . Tuberculosis was found to be decreasing with increase in CD4 count . Statistically , there was a significant relationship (P < 0 . 05) , between level of education , HIV , CD4 count and TB occurrence . However , no significant relationship (P > 0 . 05) between gender , occupation and age with TB was observed . Our results show that tuberculosis still remains endemic in Nasarawa state with a high prevalence of HIV and that the confluence of HIV and tuberculosis increased the rate of rifampicin resistance . Provision of Tuberculosis diagnostics with the capacity to detect TB drug resistance beyond rifampicin is highly recommended .