The Characteristics and Predicted of Glycemic Index of Rice Analogue from Modified Arrowroot Starch (Maranta arundinaceae L.)

Abstract

The modification of arrowroot starch is able to increase its resistant starch (RS) levels, as the result improve the functional characteristic of rice analogue for healthy diabetics. Therefore, the purpose was to determine the physical characteristics, digestibility, hydrolysis index (HI) and predicted glycemic index (PGI) of rice analogue obtained from modified arrowroot starch. The completely randomized design using single factor was conducted. The proportions of the modified arrowroot starches used were 0 %, 25 %, 50 %, 75 %, and 100 %. The procedure consisted of formulation, extrusion, and analysis parameter. According to the results, the proportions of the modified arrowroot starch had a significant effect on the microscopy as well as the rice analogue digestibility. The amount of rice analogue obtained from the 100 % modified arrowroot starch was 649 μm, which was the highest, the digestibility value at 180 min was 14.23 % ± 0.17 %, HI values at 32.14 ± 0.20 and PGI 56.79 ± 0.14, which was the smallest when compared with other treatments. It can be concluded that higher proportions of the modified arrowroot starch, resulted in higher grain size, but lower digestibility, hydrolysis index and predicted glycemic index of gluten-free rice analogue