Materiales porosos como soporte de viabilidad de Beauveria bassiana para el biocontrol de Sphenarium purpurascens in vitro

Abstract

Entomopathogenic fungi are a large group of micro-organisms that provide multiple services to agroecological systems and have some advantages over chemical insecticides, since they produce mortality rates naturally and have less environmental impact. The production of biocontrol agents such as Beauveria bassiana finds multiple limitations, such as the adjustment of the optimum concentration of conidia and specific speed of death, among others. In addition, the potential that Mexican native strains can have for their use in the control of the grasshopper Sphenarium purpurascens (an edible insect but that behaves as a pest in several crops). In the present investigation, the mortality of two instars (or stages) of S. purpurascens in vitro plus the adult phase, was evaluated by applying bio-preparations of the MA-Bb1 strain in porous materials as support. The highest corrected mortality CM% and the highest specific speed of death K(d–1) of the orthopter for the different instants, as well as for the adult of S. purpurascens was presented in the bio-preparation (Zeolite + Diatomite + B. bassiana) at a concentration of 1 × 108 conidia mL–1, presenting a viability of 89,1%. These results show the possibility for biocontrol with the use of the native Mexican strain MA-Bb1 of B. bassiana in combination with porous materials of diatomite and zeolite, in laboratory conditions.