Methodology and indicators for NBCAL monitoring in stores and health services: a multicenter study (Multi-NBCAL)

Abstract

The Brazilian Code of Marketing of Infant and Toddlers Food, Nipples, Pacifiers and Baby Bottles (NBCAL), in force in Brazil since 1988, is still systematically violated, exposing mothers and family members to illegal marketing of products that compete with breastfeeding. This study aimed to describe a multicenter study methodology and propose standardized indicators for NBCAL monitoring. This is a Multicenter Study for NBCAL Compliance Assessment (Multi-NBCAL) conducted in seven Brazilian cities: Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Ouro Preto (Minas Gerais State), Florianopolis (Santa Catarina State), Brasília (Federal District), Joao Pessoa (Paraíba State), and Belem (Para State). Assessment tools were adapted from NetCode/WHO and IBFAN Brazil (International Baby Food Action Network) to conduct two evaluations: (1) evaluation of NBCAL compliance in stores, and NBCAL knowledge and practices of store managers; (2) evaluation of the interaction between the baby food industry and health professionals and post-partum mothers in maternity hospitals. Five indicators were developed to assess NBCAL compliance in stores; seven indicators to assess the knowledge and practices of store managers; five indicators to assess the provision of incentives to maternity hospitals, health professionals, and mothers by sectors; and five indicators to assess NBCAL knowledge and practices of health professionals. The NBCAL assessment methodology with the proposal of standardized indicators allows comparability of studies about this theme. Using these indicators in periodic national or regional investigation can help monitor the level of NBCAL implementation in Brazil.