Measurement model testing: Adaption of self-efficacy and metacognitive awareness among university students

Abstract

Individuals’ perceptions or beliefs about their mathematical aptitude are commonly classified as mathematics self-efficacy. Conversely, metacognitive awareness is characterized as a phenomenon that presents itself in a variety of ways as people engage with objects and circumstances in their everyday lives. The objective of this quantitative research was to evaluate the reliability of a self-efficacy and metacognitive awareness test administered to 184 undergraduate university students. In completing tasks in mathematical reasoning, students clearly discriminated between their self-efficacy and metacognitive awareness. Self-efficacy demonstrated discriminant and convergent validity in these quantitative investigations, which conforms to the Bandura (1993) theory and contains three dimensions: course self-efficacy, test self-efficacy, and future self-efficacy. Metacognitive awareness shows discriminant and convergent validity, which relates to Flavell (1979) theory and contains six factors: procedural knowledge, declarative knowledge, conditional knowledge, monitoring, planning, and evaluation. The casual correlation approach was used in the research design to explore the influence of metacognitive awareness and self-efficacy on mathematical thinking. The Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency reliability research demonstrated that the self-efficacy and metacognitive awareness instrument that was developed was exceptionally reliable and may be used by researchers to assess self-efficacy and metacognitive awareness among university students.