An Evaluation of Fine and Gross Motor Skills in Adolescents with Down Syndromes

Abstract

Down syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability. Motor development of children with DS is delayed. The aim of the present study was to evaluate of fine and gross motor skills of adolescents with DS. The study sample of a total of 34 participants aged between 14 to 20 years comprised 16 adolescents with DS and a normally developing group of 18 adolescents without DS. Fine and gross motor skills of the participants were assessed by Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, second edition short form (BOT-2 SF). The highest score of the test is 88 and higher score shows higher performance. The average age of adolescents with DS and without DS who participated in the study were 17.06±2.79 and 16.56±1.09, respectively. All partcipants were male. It was found a significant differences for all BOT-2 SF subtests and total scores when compared between adolescents with DS and adolescents without DS (p<0.05). Adolescents without DS has higher scores than adolescents with DS. In conclusion, both fine and gross motor skill performance of adolescents with DS is lower than normally developing adolescents. This study stresses the importance of interventions facilitating motor skills.