Effects of blockchain on financial sector processes: A systematic review

Abstract

The present study aims to systematically analyze the scientific evidence on the adoption and implementation of blockchain technology in the financial sector, evaluating its effects on the efficiency, security and costs of processes. To this end, a systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, based on 733 articles retrieved from Scopus and Web of Science, of which 31 met the inclusion criteria. The results show that blockchain is being incorporated in various financial areas, such as payments, smart contracts and financing, highlighting improvements in transparency, reduction of operating costs and process optimization. However, challenges related to scalability, regulation and cybersecurity are identified, which limit its widespread application. In conclusion, blockchain technology has a significant impact on the digital transformation of the financial sector, offering competitive advantages, although it needs to overcome technical and regulatory barriers for its mass adoption.