Gold standard care of chronic scrotal pain

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic scrotal pain (CSP) can be a debilitating condition for patients and is often difficult to characterize. Methods: A review of literature was performed using Embase, Cochrane and Medline databases in the period 1.January 2010 to 1.January 2021. We found 132 articles, and the authors screened abstract and references. Thirty-seven articles are included after removing duplicates. Results: This review presents a variety of medical and surgical treatment options for CSP such as spermatic cord blocks (36–80% success rate), microsurgical denervation of the spermatic cord (76–100% success rates), Botox (56% success rate), targeted ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric peripheral nerve stimulation, and radical orchiectomy (55–75% success rate). Conclusion: An overview of various treatment options, both non-surgical and surgical are provided, with the aim of establishing what may be the best treatment option for CSP.