Spatial Analysis of the Feasibility of Using Rock Powder as Fertilizer in Agriculture in Mato Grosso in Brazil

Abstract

This study analyzes the potential utilization of rock dust as a sustainable alternative to the use of traditional fertilizers, considering the distance between mining areas and areas where agricultural commodities are produced in the state of Mato Grosso, the largest agricultural producing state in Brazil. To this end, agricultural production by municipality and the position of mining areas in the mining phase related to granite, basalt and kimberlite are analyzed, aiming at developing a map of current potential areas of rock dust fertilizer production, namely for phosphorus (P)- and potassium (K)-based rocks for crops. To analyze the future scenario, areas in the research phase for the same types of rocks mentioned are considered. The results indicate three main potential scenarios: (1) municipalities located in areas that produce agricultural commodities and far from mining areas in production; (2) municipalities located near areas that produce rock dust and with high agricultural production of commodities; (3) municipalities near areas that produce rock dust, but with low production of agricultural commodities. In scenario 1, the use of rock dust may be viable in the event of a supply crisis of traditional fertilizer. In scenario 2, rock dust may fully or partially replace traditional fertilizer. And in scenario 3, rock dust may be used to reduce costs and improve the production of small local producers. Thus, this study indicates that rock dust can be an alternative to traditional fertilizers in the state of Mato Grosso, but it requires registrations in accordance with Brazilian legislation.