Impacts of Water Resources and Carbon Mitigation Policies on Electric Power Systems under Multiple Uncertainties

Abstract

A bi-level multistage joint-probabilistic left-hand-side chance-constrained programming model is proposed to plan energy-water-carbon nexus systems under multiple uncertainties. The model can address randomness in constraints right- and left- hands as well as handling leader-follower problem in decision-making processes. A variety of scenarios associated with different left-hand side constraint-violation risks as well as a range of levels relate to available water, electricity demand, and carbon mitigation are examined. Results reveal that multiple uncertainties significantly affect the nexus system planning policies (energy supply, electricity generation, imported electricity, water utilization, and carbon emission). Results also disclose that local authorities would vigorously develop wind power and biomass power; available water has the greatest magnitude of the main effect upon the total cost; the interaction among the carbon mitigation and available water have obvious effect on total cost.