Clinical value of quantitative analysis of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant pelvic tumors

Abstract

Background: Cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, and ovarian cancer are among the top 10 most common cancers in women, with ovarian cancer in particular being considered a "silent killer". Therefore, early detection, diagnosis, and treatment constitute important means of care for women's health. This study investigated the clinical value of the quantitative analysis of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant pelvic tumors. Methods: CEUS was performed on 151 patients with pelvic masses. Subsequently, a qualitative diagnosis was completed using the image enhancement features and tumor parameters. A multiparametric analysis of CEUS images was performed, which included the following parameters: arrival time (AT), time to peak (TTP), peak intensity (PI), and ascent slope (AS). In addition, the qualitative diagnostic efficiency of CEUS was assessed in a multiparametric analysis, and the results were compared with pathological findings. Results: The patients in the malignant group were older (P=0.001) and had larger lesion PI values (P<0.01) than those in the benign group. The PI difference (PId) and the AS difference (ASd) showed statistical differences (P<0.01) between the myometrium and lesion tissues in the same patient. Moreover, the PId and ASd showed the largest receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the ROC curve (AUC), with sensitivities of 90.9% and 91.7% and specificities of 86.4% and 72.5%, respectively. Conclusions: The quantitative analysis of CEUS provides a new, simpler, and more accurate method for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant pelvic masses in clinical practice. The sensitivities and specificities of PId and ASd were higher compared to other parameters from the same patient.