Electrochemistry of MXenes and their sustainable energy applications

Abstract

MXenes, a growing class of two-dimensional (2D) materials, have garnered significant attention for their unique electrochemical properties and diverse applications in sustainable energy technologies. Their metallic electrical conductivity, large surface area, tunable surface chemistry, and 2D nanoconfinement make them promising candidates for energy storage devices, including supercapacitors and batteries, and emerging electrochemical applications, such as electrocatalysis and green fuel production. In addition, their inherent mechanical strength and flexibility position them as key materials for flexible and wearable energy harvesting and storage devices. This perspective highlights the structural and chemical tunability of MXenes, emphasizing how these factors control their electrochemical properties and their potential to address global energy challenges through sustainable and innovative applications.