Use of the regression analysis technique to determine the true phosphorus digestibility and the endogenous phosphorus output associated with corn in growing pigs

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to determine true phosphorus (P) digestibility and the endogenous P output associated with corn for growing pigs using the regression analysis technique. Four barrows, average initial body weight of 25 kg, were fitted with a T-cannula and fed four diets according to a 4 x 4 Latin square design. Four cornstarch-based diets, containing four levels of P at 0.7, 1.5, 2.2 and 2.8 g/kg dry matter intake (DMI), were formulated from corn. Each experimental period comprised 8 d with 4-d adaptation and 4-d collection of ileal digesta and fecal samples. The apparent ileal and fecal P digestibility values in corn were affected (P < 0.05) by P contents in the assay diets. The apparent ileal and fecal P digestibility values increased from -51.0 to 33.3% and from -41.4 to 39.1%, respectively, as P content increased from 0.7 to 2.8 g/kg DMI. Linear relationships (P < 0.05), expressed as g/kg DMI, between the apparent ileal and fecal digestible P and the total intake of dietary P, suggested that true P digestibility and the endogenous P outputs associated with corn can be determined by the regression analysis technique. There were no differences (P > 0.05) in true P digestibility values (54.0 ± 6.5 vs. 59.8 ± 8.5%) and the endogenous P outputs (0.693 ± 0.128 vs. 0.670 ± 0.160 g/kg DMI) between the ileal and the fecal determinations. The endogenous fecal P output represented 12.3% and 25.8% of the daily total and available P requirements in growing pigs recommended by the National Research Council in 1998. The present literature data of apparent digestibility and availability underestimate the true digestive utilization of P in corn for growing pigs by ∼35%. Current diet formulation on the bases of total, apparent P digestibility and availability values in corn inevitably leads to P overfeeding and excessive P excretion in pigs.