Distribuição e abundância de espécies arbóreas em cerradões no Pantanal, Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

Abstract

The woodland savannas occupy non-flooding areas in the Pantanal wetlands and are an important resource for regional economy. Even though, wood from woodland savannas are cut and used for fences, pens, and sheds in the farm, there are not much information from woodland savannas regarding sustainable uses and conservation. This study investigated the abundance, the distribution of species and correlations with soil fertility in six areas of woodland savanna ("cerradão") in Southern Pantanal wetlands. The survey was accomplished by means of 30 point-centred quarters in each area, totalling 120 trees sampled with the circumference at breast height (CBH) ≥ 15 cm. The association between floristic composition, abundance of species and soil fertility were determined by the principal components analysis (PCA). Savanna forests are very heterogeneous, presenting different levels of soil fertility as well as vegetation structure and composition. Two of them were clustered according to soil fertility and vegetation structure, they both presented large stands of the tree Qualea grandiflora Mart., species that seems to prefer soil with larger phosphorous quantity. Two other areas of savanna forests showed similar floristic composition, despite being in areas where the soil presented different levels of fertility, pointing out the human disturbance.