Barley grain and total biomass mineral nutrient concentrations, uptake, and partitioning

Abstract

Limited research has addressed barley (Hordeum vulgare L) nutrient uptake and accumulation in both the grain and total aboveground dry matter (TDM) across varied environments. This data is needed to model and manage nutrients in agroecosystems. To address this, the objective of the current research was to measure macro- (C, N, P, K, Mg, Ca, S) and micronutrients (Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu) of barley grain and TDM in production environments across southern Idaho, USA and analyze the data in multiple ways. Linear functions were developed to describe relationships between grain yield and both grain and TDM nutrient uptake with varying degrees of explanatory power (adj r2 = 0.80 to 0.99). These functions can be used to estimate nutrient uptake when site-specific measurements are unavailable. Nutrient harvest indices (NHI) were also determined and provide an indication of preferential partitioning to grain of nutrients such as P (0.88) in comparison to minimal partitioning to grain as observed in K (0.19). Development of barley for diverse end-uses will require improved understanding of nutrient partitioning to ensure needs are met for the desired products. This research provides important data and methods needed to understand nutrient cycling in barley-based cropping systems and for developing best management practices from the farm to the national level.