Diversidade de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares em remanescente florestal impactado (parque cinqüentenário - maringá, paraná, Brasil)

Abstract

Mycorrhizae are important components of any recuperation and recovery plan for threatened and endangered vegetation in degraded areas, as well as for the maintenance of plant diversity and ecosystem functions. Knowledge of diversity and dynamics of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in areas impacted by anthropic activities is important for managing these areas and improving their quality. The Parque Cinquentenário is one of the few forest fragments in the urban area of Maringá (Seasonal Semi-deciduous Forest) and it is in a fast degradation stage. This work aimed to evaluate the variety of native AMF in the soil and the mycorrhization level in plants of this ecosystem. Soil and root samples were collected from 65 different plots, at a depth of 0 to 20 cm, in January 2008. The percentage of root colonization was determinated by means of intersection of quadrants. The identification of AMF species was made according to classical morphological analysis. For each sample, diversity indexes were estimated, with calculations based on the number of spores. The existence of fifty AMF species was verified, distributed in five genera: Glomus (30 species), Acaulospora (10 species), Scutellospora (6 species),Gigaspora (two species) and Paraglomus (one species). Glomus was the most abundant genus, with many sporocarpic species.