In vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized gallic acid derivatives (N-Alkyl Gallamide) against breast MCF-7 cancer cells

Abstract

Gallic acid is a phenolic compound distributed in plants and fruits which has been reported to have cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. In this research, we investigated in vitro cytotoxic effect of six synthesized compounds of gallic acid derivatives (N-alkyl gallamide), namely N-methyl gallamide (2); N-ethyl gallamide (3); N-butyl gallamide (4); N-sec-butyl gallamide (5); N-tert-butyl gallamide (6) and N-hexyl gallamide (7) against breast MCF-7 cells by MTT assay. Linear regression analysis is utilized to analyze data to regenerate IC50 value. The results will be compared with gallic acid as an original compound and doxorubicin as a positive control. Among six synthesized compounds, N-tert-butyl gallamide (6) with IC50 value of 2.1 µg/mL, and N-hexyl gallamide (7) with IC50 value of 3.5µg/mL,showed the stronger cytotoxicity against breast MCF-7 cells compared to gallic acid and doxorubicin. Thus,N-tert-butyl gallamide (6) and N-hexyl gallamide (7) are potential to be further developed as a promising anti-breast cancer agents.