Preparation and characterization of chitosan/β-cyclodextrin nanoparticles containing plasmid DNA encoding interleukin-12

Abstract

Background: Interleukin-12 (IL-12) as a cytokine has been proved to possess antitumor effects via stimulating the immune system. Non-viral gene delivery systems offer several advantages, including easiness in production, low cost, safety; low immunogenicity and can carry higher amounts of genetic material without limitation on their sizes. Methods: pUMVC3-hIL12 loaded Low Molecular Weight chitosan/β-cyclodextrin (LMW CS/CD) nanoparticles were prepared using ionotropic gelation method and characterized in terms of size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, morphology, loading efficiency and cytotoxicity against the CT-26 colon carcinoma cell line. Results: All prepared particles were spherical in shape and nano-sized (171.3±2.165 nm, PdI: 0.231±0.014) and exhibited a positive zeta potential (34.3±1.55). The nanoparticles demonstrated good DNA encapsulation efficiencies (83.315%±2.067). Prepared pUMVC3-hIL12 loaded LMW CS/CD nanoparticles showed no cell toxicity in murine CT-26 colon carcinoma cells. At the concentration of 0.1 μg/ml of nanoparticles, the transfection ability was obviously higher than that of the naked DNA. Conclusion: LMW CS/CD-plasmid DNA nanoparticles encoding IL-12 prepared using ionotropic gelation method with no toxic effect on the tested cells can be considered as a basis for further gene delivery studies both in vitro and in vivo to enhance the expression of IL-12. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.