The differential impact of high-intensity swimming exercise and inflammatory bowel disease on IL-1β, TNF-α, and COX-2 gene expression in the small intestine and colon in mice

Abstract

Background and Objective We aimed to examine the impact of high-intensity swimming exercise and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) on IL-1β, TNF-α, and COX-2 gene expression in the small intestine and colon of mice. Material and Methods Forty male C57BL/6 mice were divided into 4 groups: the control group (CON), swimming exercise group (EX), 50% ethanol (EtoH) control group (50%EtoH CON), and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid group (TNBS). The EX group performed 4 weeks of exercise. Intrarectal TNBS injection induced IBD in the TNBS group; the 50%EtoH CON group received control injections. Reverse transcription and real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to examine IL-1β, TNF-α, and COX-2 mRNA expression in the small intestine and colon. Results IL-1β, TNF-α, and COX-2 mRNA expression was significantly increased in the EX group compared to that in the CON group (p's < 0.05). IL-1β and COX-2 mRNA expression was significantly increased in the TNBS group compared to that in the 50%EtoH CON group (p's < 0.05). Conclusion Thus, inflammatory cytokine IL-1β and COX-2 expression in the small intestine and colon was increased in both high-intensity swimming exercise and IBD models. However, TNF-α was increased only in the swimming exercise model. Further research is required to confirm these observations and establish swimming exercise regimes appropriate for patients with IBD.