Phylogenetic of Featherback Chitala sp from South Sumatra Based on Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit i (COI) Gene

Abstract

The featherback Chitala sp in Indonesia inhabit riverine of Sumatra, Java and Kalimantan. Featherbacks have been protected as threatened species. This research aims to identify the sequence of Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit I (COI) gene of mtDNA, and construct the phylogenetic trees between species of featherbacks in South Sumatra. This research was conducted in March-August 2020. The methods used in barcoding species and determining phylogenetic i.e., DNA isolation, DNA amplification using PCR and sequencing of COI gene regions of mtDNA. The COI gene was sequenced by PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) with optimum annealing temperature 50C for 30s with 35 cycles. After editting, sequence length of the COI gene of featherbacks was 621 base pairs (bp) nucleotide. Based on BLASTanalysis, specimen CLP2 from PT PLN Indralaya had the highest similarity (99.28%) to C. lopis (Malaysia), then 98.88% to the same species from Kampar River, Riau. Speciemens from Musi River (CLS1, CLS 3) and PT PLN (CLP3) indicated the highest similarity of 95.19% with C. chitala from India. The phylogenetic trees showed that Chitala formed four sub-clusters and it was clearly distant between species C. lopis and C. chitala (bootstrap value = 73).