Factors Associated With Social Inclusion and Labour Status in People With Intellectual Disabilities, From Urban and Rural Areas of Peru

Abstract

Background: People with intellectual disabilities face obstacles to their social-labour inclusion due to factors that must be identified in the Peruvian context. Methods: A total of 542 people with intellectual disabilities were recruited, including 250 from urban areas and 292 from the jungle. Sociodemographic information, quality of life, adaptive behaviour, caregiver burden, and risk of maltreatment were collected from caregivers, who served as the primary source of data. Two models were proposed: social inclusion and employment status, as dependent variables. In both cases, region was considered as a grouping variable to control for random intercepts. Results: The caregiver burden, along with gender, age, employment status, and self-care were predictors of social inclusion, whereas age, social inclusion, verbal communication, and self-determination were predictors of employment status. Conclusions: The factors identified will allow improving interventions or public policies for the benefit of people with intellectual disabilities and their families.