Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Various Meliaceae Plants Extract

Abstract

Meliaceae plant is a large, evergreen plant which extracts are rich in natural promising compounds with numerous bioactivities including antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of phenolic and flavonoid which were investigated using DPPH and ABTS methods. In addition, MCF7 cells were also used to assess the cytotoxic activities of 11 potential extracts derived from various Meliaceae plants family with MTT assay. Antioxidant activity as a scavenger of large DPPH free radicals is known to have a small IC 50 value. The highest antioxidants are in Toona ciliata leaves extract with the IC 50 value of 7.68 μg/mL, while the lowest DPPH antioxidants are in Aglaia foveolata twig with the IC 50 value of 256.07 μg/mL. As for the ABTS antioxidant showed the highest value are in Aglaia tomentosa-Bengkulu with the IC 50 value of 8.91 μg/mL, while the lowest is Aglaia foveolata leaves (IC 50 of 1170.2 μg/mL). Moreover, MCF7 epithelial cells challenged with the extract showed a concentration dependent increase in cytotoxicity. Based on MCF7 inhibition, Aglaia foveolata leaves had enough active cytotoxic activity followed by Dysoxylum parasiticum-Jawa, Dysoxylum parasiticum-Sumatera, Aglaia tomentosa-Central Sulawesi and Aglaia faveolata stem bark. The IC 50 value is focus on Aglaia foveolata i.e., leaves and stem bark part of plant, namely 72.4 and 103.2 μg/mL, respectively. In this study, the highest free radical scavenging activity and also antimicrobial activity was exhibited by the methanolic extract of Toona ciliata leaves. It suggests that Toona ciliata leaves extract may become a promising antioxidant of Meliaceae. Moreover, remarkable cytotoxic activity against MCF7 cell line was found for the methanolic extracts of Aglaia foveolta leaves. The phytochemical screening demonstrated the presence of different types of compounds like phenol, flavonoids, and others, which could be responsible for the obtained activities.