Financial inclusion in china: Has input-output efficiency improved?

Abstract

This paper evaluates whether the input-output efficiency of financial inclusion has improved or declined in China. The study’s conclusions show that the input and output of financial inclusion are generally effective. However, the differences between regions are relatively large, the input-output levels of less developed regions are relatively low, and the static and dynamic efficiency of regions is relatively high. While technological progress and innovation have improved significantly, economic development, urbanization, government intervention, and information technologies have significantly affected input-output efficiency. This paper puts forward recommendations on ways of innovating financial products and services, developing digital financial inclusion, and optimizing the input structure of financial inclusion to promote the sustainable development of financial inclusion.