Novel strategies in carbon capture and utilization: A chemical perspective

Abstract

The escalating threat of climate change demands innovative approaches to mitigate carbon emissions, and Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) has emerged as a promising paradigm. The article begins with an overview of the current carbon emission landscape, underscoring the critical role of CCU in climate change mitigation. Catalysts play a pivotal role in CCU, and the review discusses cutting-edge developments in catalytic materials and design, offering mechanistic insights into catalyzed reactions. Biological strategies, such as bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) and microbial carbon capture, are explored alongside genetic engineering for enhanced carbon assimilation. Life cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis are scrutinized to evaluate the environmental and economic aspects of CCU. It concludes with a forward-looking perspective, outlining future prospects and research directions in CCU. This review aims to provide a valuable resource for researchers, policymakers, and industry professionals working towards a sustainable and low-carbon future.