Influence of age and sex on platelet count: Implications for optimizing growth factor-rich plasma preparation

Abstract

Background: Growth factor-rich plasma (GFRP) is a biomedical procedure used to promote tissue regeneration. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains higher-than-average platelet concentrations and includes platelet-derived growth factors. As an autologous blood derivative, it is widely used to enhance healing and tissue regeneration. In dentistry, GFRP accelerates soft tissue healing and bone regeneration in procedures such as complex extractions, bone grafts, cyst treatments, and to improve dental implant osseointegration. Objective: To assess the potential influence of age and sex on platelet count, with the aim of optimizing the standardization of therapies involving growth factors. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional, observational, and comparative study was conducted, including a total of 384 patients. Participants were stratified into six groups based on age. From their medical records, the platelet counts obtained from analyses meeting the established inclusion criteria were recorded. Subsequently, the distribution of platelet levels was analyzed according to age groups and sex. Additionally, the potential correlation between platelet count and age was evaluated. Results: The mean platelet count was higher in women (260.9 ± 65.9 x10³/μL) than in men (250.4 ± 62.0 x10³/μL), although the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.113). A statistically significant negative correlation was found between age and platelet count (r = -0.175; p < 0.01), indicating that platelet count decreases with age, although the correlation coefficient was low. Conclusions: Platelet count varies across the population; therefore, blood extraction for PRP preparation should be adjusted based on age group and sex.