Understanding difficulties and contextual factors in the daily activities of people with multiple sclerosis: a pilot study

Abstract

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by the degeneration of the nervous system structures. This health condition can cause difficulties in carrying out activities of daily living and impact the individual's quality of life. Objective: To understand the difficulties and contextual factors (environmental and personal) that act in the daily activities of people with MS. Method: Pilot, cross-sectional, descriptive, exploratory study with a quantitative and qualitative approach. The 36-item WHODAS 2.0 form and semi-structured interview were used in order to understand the difficulties and contextual factors that affect the daily activities of people with MS. Results: Participants had greater difficulties in terms of mobility and life activities, such as walking long distances and performing household chores. The most used assistive technology resources are wheelchairs, canes and walkers. The installations of grab bars, handrails and ramps were described as modifications made to the environment. Conclusion: The findings of this research contributed to verifying the possibility of recruiting a larger sample, exploring the causes of the difficulties, deepening the investigations about the use of assistive technology resources, adaptations in the environment and emphasizing the possible association of the intensity of the difficulties with the mobility aids and environmental adaptations.