Assessing Flood Hazard Index using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographical Information System (GIS) in Stung Sen River Basin

Abstract

Flood is a water-related disaster that causes negative impacts on Human and societies. In Cambodia, flood has become more severe and frequent in most regions, especially, in the floodplain areas. This study aims to simulate the flood hazard index and vulnerability located in the Sen River Basin using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method and Geographical Information System (GIS). GIS was applied for the estimated Flood Hazard Index (FHI) in which seven parameters were selected: Flow accumulation, Elevation, Density Drainage, Rainfall Intensity, Slope, Soil Type, and Land Use. Additionally, the relative importance of each parameter of physical factors has been compared in the pairwise matrix 7×7 to gain the weight value by AHP Method. The Flood Hazard Zones was classified into five classes from Very Low to Very High and were observed as Very low 6175 Km2, Low 4094 Km2, Medium 2002 Km2, High 818 Km2, and Very High 859 Km2. The FHI was verified with the flood hazard map from global surface water and Flood history from Google Earth Engine. Consequently, the results were found to be reasonable and adequate, revealing a realistic representation of hazards on the corresponding flood hazard map.