A review on assessment of acceptable daily intake for food additives

Abstract

The acceptable daily intake (ADI) for food additives can be derived using ‘no observed adverse effect level’ (NOAEL) value obtained from in-vivo animal experiments. A safety factor (SF) of 100 is generally applied in calculation of NOAEL for the most sensitive test species to derive an ADI. The cent percent of SF is thought to be the result of individual differences in species having toxicology and toxicological dynamics. In this review, food additives are evaluated on the basis of available in-vitro toxicity data that could be used to derive the uncertainty factor. In addition, this paper describes the general methods adopted for assessing ADIs with the limitations inherent in these current methodologies. The methods mainly focus on a graphical display of toxicological data and estimate the acceptable intake from exposure periods for toxic substances rather than full life. Moreover, the method practices dose-response data or dose effect to calculate the decrease in the confidence level rare at the specific effect levels. These methods should lead to more inclination and be established by the Multi-type Feature Fusion (MFF) approach. It is by increasing the use of a full set of toxicological data.