Is it essential to remove the submandibular gland in neck dissection in tongue cancer patients?

Abstract

Introduction: Submandibular sialadenectomy is a part of the classic technique of neck dissection for oral cavity cancers. However, its removal is associated with a reduction in the salivary outflow in many patients, as well as, some uncommon complications such as lingual and hypoglossal nerve injuries. Assessment of the necessity of such maneuvers should be addressed. Patients and methods: The data of 105 patients with tongue cancer who underwent neck dissection in the Oncology Center, Mansoura University from January 2008 to March 2019 were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively. Results: In all the included patients, whether showing pathologic positive or negative lymph nodes, none showed capsular or parenchymal submandibular gland metastasis except for one patient who showed direct infiltration of the gland by the primary tumor. Conclusion: Submandibular sialadenectomy may not be indicated as a part of neck dissection in tongue cancer patients. Further research should be conducted to focus on the effect of its preservation on disease-free and overall survival.