The association between muscle mass and change in physical functioning in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies

Abstract

Aim: To investigate the prospective association between lower muscle mass and physical functioning in older adults. Findings: Overall, lower muscle mass increases the risk of functional decline by about 25%. Earlier variability observed in this association can be explained by body composition method, body size adjustment, and type of physical functioning outcome. Message: In contrast to earlier reviews, this updated review clearly shows that lower muscle mass is associated with higher risk of functional decline in older adults.