Sepsis Biomarkers

Abstract

Sepsis, a life-threatening condition driven by an aberrant immune response to infection, results in organ dysfunction and demands prompt diagnosis for effective intervention. This review examines the pivotal role of biomarkers in sepsis management, focusing on CReactive Protein (CRP), Procalcitonin (PCT), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Lactate, Soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1 (sTREM-1), Presepsin (sCD14-ST), Neutrophil CD64, and Heparin-Binding Protein (HBP). These biomarkers, with distinct structures and functions, provide critical insights into inflammation, bacterial infection severity, and tissue oxygenation. Clinically, they facilitate early detection, differentiation of infection types, prognosis evaluation, and treatment optimization. By combining clinical observations with biomarker data, diagnostic precision is enhanced, improving patient outcomes and refining sepsis therapeutic strategies.