Ten years of experience with the Ponto bone-anchored hearing system—A systematic literature review

Abstract

Background: Bone-anchored hearing systems (BAHSs) are widely used for hearing rehabilitation and are indicated in cases of conductive and mixed hearing loss and in single-sided deafness. The Ponto system, that is one available option, has been on the market since 2009. Objective of review: The aim of this study is to systematically review the literature reporting on the Ponto system, with regard to audiological and surgical outcomes and patient's quality-of-life scores. Type of review: A systematic literature search was performed in the PubMed database 2009-July 2019. Search strategy: Search term: ((osseointegrated hearing aid) OR (bone conduction implant) OR (bone anchored hearing) OR BAHA OR BAHS OR BAHI). Pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. Evaluation method: English-language articles reporting original clinical data (audiological, surgical or quality-of-life outcomes) on the Ponto system were included. Articles reporting on Ponto and another BAHS system where the results on Ponto constituted less than 50% of the patient population or including only results on testband or softband devices were excluded. Results: Audiological outcomes were discussed in 20 publications. Improvement against the unaided thresholds was demonstrated. The functional improvement was on average 33.9 dB. The effective gain or remaining air-bone gap was on average 6.7 dB. All evaluated data showed aided speech reception thresholds significantly below normal speech level. Twenty-seven publications reported surgical and follow-up data for the Ponto system. Implant survival was 97.7%, adverse skin reactions (Holgers ≥ 2) were 5% across visits and 15% across patients. No complications were life-threatening, causing permanent disability/damage or requiring a hospitalisation. Five studies reported quality of life using the Glasgow benefit inventory, 98% reported an improvement when analysing the score on an individual level. Conclusions: The outcomes of this systematic review confirm that percutaneous systems provide consistent audiological benefits and improved quality of life for patients. Further, the review demonstrates that the percutaneous systems are safe, with relatively low complication rates. Skin-related complications are the most common complication type and are experienced by approximately one patient out of seven, or in less than one of 20 follow-up visits.