Lattice corneal dystrophy, gelsolin type (Meretoja's syndrome)

Abstract

Purpose: This paper reviews current knowledge about the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and treatment of lattice corneal dystrophy, gelsolin type (LCD2, Meretoja's syndrome). Methods: Material is derived from literature searches, a case study of a Finnish patient living in Sweden, and interviews in Helsinki with Professor Ahti Tarkkanen and Dr Sari Kiuru-Enari, both of whom have extensive first-hand experience in treating patients with the disease. Results: The disease is now reported from several countries in Europe, as well as Japan, the USA and Iran. Treatment is symptomatic and is based on eye lubrication combined with rigorous monitoring of intraocular pressure to reduce corneal haze and postpone the need for keratoplasty. When systemic symptoms occur, the ophthalmologist should consult other specialists. Conclusions: The disease is probably under-reported and is almost certainly to be found in more countries, including Sweden. Every ophthalmologist should be vigilant and consider this diagnosis when discovering a corneal lattice dystrophy, especially because the disease is an inherited, lifelong chronic condition with systemic symptoms. © 2009 Acta Ophthalmol.