University libraries facing the repeated fear about their irrelevance

Abstract

Technological changes either come in small waves or in the form of a tidal wave; while the former are progressively and smoothly incorporated into professional practice, the latter generate deeper reactions, ranging from rejection to unwavering adherence to the latest innovations. Managing technological change is, therefore, a key component of professional dynamics, and the first step is to properly characterize the change. In 1992, Michael Buckland analysed library services based on the technologies used and identified three moments or stages: the paper library, the automated library, and the electronic library. To these, the article adds a fourth stage (the current one), referred to as the interoperable library. The article: (1) contextualizes each of these stages within the Spanish context, (2) notes that each stage has been accompanied by predictions about the future irrelevance of libraries, and (3) argues that pessimistic predictions did not materialize because technological innovations were subordinated to enhancing the efficiency of the library system. The article characterises what is referred to as the interoperable library and discusses the changes and adaptations libraries should undertake to maintain their value for universities. These changes would be of two kinds. Concerning services, libraries should plan a structured phase-out of print materials, fully embrace the open science movement, and remain attentive to changes in learning. It is concluded that the strategies for maintaining their relevance are the same ones that have helped them adapt to previous technological changes: reorganization, creation of new services, staff training, and strengthening cooperative structures.