Karakteristik dan Komposisi Minyak Atsiri Kulit Jeruk Nipis Pada Berbagai Lama Waktu Penyulingan Menggunakan Metode Hidrodistilasi

Abstract

Lime peel is a by-product resulting from the processing of lime juice into various processed products. Lime peel contains various beneficial chemical compounds such as flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolics, limonoids, alkaloids and essential oils. Lime essential oil produced from the extraction process. The extraction time is one of the keys to producing good quality essential oil. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics and composition of chemical compounds produced by lime peel essential oil using hydrodistillation methods at various times to get the best conditions. This study used an experimental method by applying four different treatments namely hydrodistillation for 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, and 6 hours. Parameters observed were yield, specific gravity, refractive index, color and chemical composition of the essential oil produced. The yields of essential oils from extraction times of 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, and 6 hours were 1.715%, 0.899%, 1.975% and 1.909%. The specific gravity of essential oils of 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, and 6 hours were 0.853, 0.851, 0.840 and 0.862. The refractive indexes of essential oils extracted at 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours and 6 hours were 1.478, 1.479, 1.48 and 1.482. The chemical composition of essential oils was analyzed using GC-MS where the best results obtained from an extraction time of 5 hours that contained 86,22% of monoterpenes, 5,81% of sesquiterpenes, 1,77% of terpinenes and 2.07% of aliphatic aldehydes.