PRAÇAS E QUALIDADE ESPACIAL: PLANO PILOTO DA CIDADE DE MARINGÁ, PARANÁ

Abstract

As a space that people regularly share, squares are references to the establishment of public and private buildings in a society. Public space improvements were made with the expansion of the cities and in addition to this geographical zone, citizens, meet a healthier social movement within the urban area. It also offers to people a more pleasant living environment, improves air circulation, sunlight and drainage, breaking the monotony between the green and the gray of the buildings. A study was held in the 36 squares located in the Pilot Plan area of the city of Maringá, Paraná State which comprehends the initial urban plan of the city mesh of Maringá, drawn up by the urbanist Jorge de Macedo Vieira, which were denominated Zona 50 (Centro), Zona 1, Zona 2, Zona 3 (Vila Operária), Zona 4, Zona 5, Zona 6, Zona 7, Zona 8, Zona 9, Zona 10 and Zona 12. The data collection was performed through bibliographic research, qualitative evaluation and quantitative survey with the objective of identifying, determining the number of squares, of equipment and/or structures, of vegetation occurrence survey and of photographic survey. The tabulation of those data subsidized the analysis and evaluation of the space distribution, the access easiness and use of those squares, and, through the quali-quantitative gathering, it was obtained the characteristics of the equipments, of the structures and of its furniture. In these squares it were found equipment and/or structures in good conditions for use by the population; lowered lighting, promoting greater safety for users; Academia da Terceira Idade and Academia da Primeira Idade, as a new type of equipment, for the practice of physical activities, leisure and sociability between the population. Another positive item verified in these squares was the cleaning, maintenance of lawn and vegetation. It is evident the concern with the arboreal elements of the same species that are repeated with great frequency in these areas due to action of pests and pathogens. The general state of conservation of these squares, in its majority, is classified between the concepts of good and great. It was observed that, even those public spaces going through transformations in their forms and functions through time and the competition with new leisure forms, its appropriation continues effective, mainly for the most lacking layers of the population. As a result of the research conducted in this study, it was observed that urban spaces need to promote activities whose expertise provides the specific management of squares and meets the needs of implementation and maintenance of all the equipment and structures, updating the qualitative and quantitative data and studying the solutions to specific issues, as well as ongoing projects that aware the surrounding population on the need of the monitoring and maintenance of the squares. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]