Chemical Content Profile of Essential Oil from Kaffir Lime ( Citrus hystrix DC.) in Tanah Datar Regency and Antibacterial Activity

Abstract

Essential oil is one type of vegetable oil with many benefits, with the main characteristics of being volatile and having a distinctive aroma. In addition, the essential oil from kaffir lime has been reported to have various bioactivities: antioxidant, antibacterial, antileukemic, and antitussive. This study has several aims: firsts to identify chemical compounds using the GC-MS instrument, secondly to determine the value of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) with the agar dilution method, and next to compare chemical compounds and antibacterial activity of kaffir lime peel and leaves (Citrus hystrix DC.) from Tanah Datar Regency. The essential oil was isolated by the water distillation method for 4 hours and then analyzed using GC-MS. The results of the identification of the main chemical compounds of kaffir lime peel essential oil are D-Limonene (17.10%), 3-Carene (13.77%), and γ-Terpinene (12.56%) While the essential oil of kaffir lime leaves contains the main chemical compounds are Citronellal (61.31%), Citronellol (10.62%) and 3-Carene (6.61%). The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) value of kaffir lime peels essential oil is 50-100 mg/mL, while 25-50 mg/mL from the leaves. The antibacterial activity of kaffir lime leaf essential oil is stronger than that of kaffir lime peel essential oil, which is influenced by differences in the content of its chemical compounds.