Comparative Study of Antibacterial Activity of Vancomycin and Chemically Treated Chitosan Prepared from Shrimp (Macrobrachium Rosenbergii) Waste

Abstract

Chitosan is derived from exoskeleton of crustaceans (such as crabs and shrimp) and cell walls of fungi has a number of commercial and possible biomedical uses is produced commercially by deacetylation of chitin is a linear polysaccharide composed of randomly distributed β-(1-4)-linked D-glucosamine (deacetylated unit) and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (acetylated unit). The structural element This study was conducted to compare the antibacterial activity of chitosan with the combination of chitosan and vancomycin against gram negative Escherichia coli and gram positive Staphylococcus aureus. Optical density (OD) value measurement technique was undertaken to measure antibacterial activity. After incubation, turbidimetric measurements of bacterial growth of sets of test tubes were taken after every 4 hours, for 48 hours and then compared. For S. aureus and chitosan the average absorbance were found as 0.448, 0.457, 0.492, 0.532, 0.582, 0.645, 0.683, 0.724, 0.751, 0.793, 0.840, and 0.896, while for S. aureus with both chitosan and vancomycin, absorbance were 0.267, 0.286, 0.321, 0.346, 0.386, 0.431, 0.467, 0.475, 0.509, 0.541, 0.565, and 0.629. Again for E. coli and chitosan the average absorbance were found as 0.407, 0.429, 0.464, 0.506, 0.564, 0.6, 0.645, 0.703, 0.756, 0.815, 0.850, and 0.901, while E. coli with both chitosan and vancomycin, absorbance were 0.213, 0.233, 0.322, 0.347, 0.409, 0.446, 0.475, 0.511, 0.545, 0.582, 0.628, and 0.647. Both of these revealed that chitosan and vancomycin together possess higher antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram-negative bacteria than chitosan solitarily used. Statistical analysis of the both study also represented in Mean±3SD. Comparison of the antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus revealed that chitosan and vancomycin posses similar antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria.