Some Applications of Arthrospira platensis and Algae in Pharmaceutical and Food Technologies

Abstract

Algae, as well as Arthrospira platensis, have a wide range of biologically active constituents that determine different pharmacological properties. They are also the basis for developing various new nutritional compositions and supplements. This review summarizes the application of algae and Arthrospira platensis in pharmaceutical technology and food over the last 20 years with an emphasis on the beneficial effects of spirulina on human health, considering its nutritional value and therapeutic properties. A detailed literature review was conducted in scientific databases for over 20 years, such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, ResearchGate, and Google Scholar. Relevant information is summarized and interpreted. The permanent research process leads to the development of new preparations to inhibit the growth of cancer cells, reduce the aging of cells, increase the immune system's efficiency, protect against infectious diseases, etc. In vivo studies show specific mechanisms of neuroprotection, appetite regulation, and prevention of neurodegenerative and psycho-cognitive pathologies. Algae and Arthrospira platensis, with their biologically active metabolites, are essential raw materials for producing various pharmaceutical products and functional foods with high nutrient content. Their use depends on the preservation of their biodiversity. In connection with their biosafety and the understanding of the biological effects on the human organism, it is necessary to continue their study.