Management of Multidrug Resistant Infections in Lung Transplant Recipients with Cystic Fibrosis

Abstract

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited multisystem disease characterised by bronchiectasis and chronic respiratory infections which eventually cause end stage lung disease. Lung transplantation (LTx) is a well-established treatment option for patients with CF-associated lung disease, improving survival and quality of life. Navigating recurrent infections in the setting of LTx is often difficult, where immune suppression must be balanced against the constant threat of infection. Sepsis/infections are one of the major contributors to post-LTx mortality and multiresistant organisms (eg, Burkholderia cepacia complex, Mycobacterium abscessus complex, Scedosporium spp. and Lomentospora spp.) pose a significant threat to survival. This review will summarize current and novel therapies to assist with the management of multiresistant bacterial, mycobacterial, viral and fungal infections which threaten the CF LTx cohort.