The Relationship between School Sports Participation and Academic Performance: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

This paper delves into the intricate relationship between school sports participation and academic performance among children and adolescents. It explores three primary types of physical activity in schools: physical education classes, school sports, and free-time activities. While physical education is typically mandated, school sports represent a voluntary but popular form of physical activity. The paper investigates existing literature on the impact of school sports on academic outcomes, considering both biological and social mechanisms. It examineshow sports participation influences cognitive function, brain structure, and academic achievement. Additionally, the paper explores the development of key skills consistent with educational values, the role of social relations, and the psychological benefits associated with sports participation. Moreover, it scrutinizes potential drawbacks such as time allocation and energy devoted to sports at the expense of academic pursuits. The synthesis of findings reveals a nuanced relationship, emphasizing the need for further research to elucidate causal mechanisms and inform educational policies promoting holistic development. Keywords: Sports Participation, Academic Achievement, Cognitive Benefits, Athletic Identity, Competitive Sports