Do we really know our users? A scientific approach to defining user groups for human factors studies

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to share experiences in answering the most basic of questions, fundamental to human factors studies, who are our users? In social science and human factors literature, the bounding of user groups and the delineation of user characteristics are the key to successful research. Utilizing this information coupled with industry experience, a scientific approach to fully describing and justifying user groups is communicated. The process begins with determining individual capabilities such as demographics as well as perceptual, cognitive and physical capabilities of an individual user. Then considering the conditions that may impact the individual capabilities. Finally, considering the dynamic influencers such as beliefs, attitudes, opinions, emotions, unique situations and events, which can further impact use behavior. Taking this methodical approach throughout the design process, starting with the formative testing thus provides further justification for user group determination. This diligent approach towards determining user groups is paramount to a successful human factors validation study and fundamental to a robust HFE process.