Optimization of Biochar Production from Lemongrass Solid Waste at Different Pyrolysis Temperatures

Abstract

The waste from refining lemongrass oil has not been utilized properly. The potential waste produced can reach 2-3 tons per week. This waste optimization is carried out to reduce the impact of environmental pollution by converting waste into biochar using a pyrolysis process. This research aims to examine the chemical characteristics of biochar from lemongrass solid waste using a pyrolysis process at different temperatures. This research used a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The pyrolysis process was carried out at temperatures 200, 250, 300, and 350℃ for 60 minutes. Pyrolysis temperature significantly affects yield, proximate composition, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), cation exchange capacity (CEC), organic C, and total N. At a temperature of 200℃, the pyrolysis process produced functional groups and carbon minerals, as well as the highest yield of 26.57% (char) compared to other temperatures, and nutrient composition of 8.89% C, 1.37% N, 9.04% P, 31.09% K, 8.98% S, 33.41% Ca, 4.30% Cl, 1.08% Mn, 2.10% Fe, and 7.35% Si. Lemongrass waste has the potential to be used as biochar for soil ameliorants. Biochar has been shown to have the potential for sustainable agricultural practices and contribute to waste management and environmental sustainability.